Turbinicarpus klinkerianus

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Since 4 Aug 2013

Turbinicarpus klinkerianus Backeb. & H.Jacobsen
Sukkulentenkunde 2: 27 (-28; fig.). 1948
Family: CACTACEAE

: Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) N.P.Taylor
Cactaceae Consensus Init. 5: 14. 1998 - Remarks: Panarotto (in Piante Grasse, 18(3): 120. 1998 (1999)) also published this comb. nov. (isonym)

Turbinicarpus klinkerianus (Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus) Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli
This species has 3 spines the lower one longer, up to 1 cm, the 2 upper ones small only on young areoles, flattened below, curved towards the apex, grey with dark tip, corky, rather soft, with transverse fissures.

: Guadalcazar in the state of San Luis Potosi (Mexico)
Habitat: Grows in scattered colonies, mostly in mossy crevices on rooky slopes at altitudes around 1150-2250m.

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) N.P.Taylor

Neolloydia schmiedickeana var. klinkeriana (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Halda
Strombocactus klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Buining
Strombocactus schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) G.D.Rowley
Toumeya klinkeriana (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Bravo & W.T.Marshall
Toumeya schmiedickeana var. klinkeriana (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Krainz
Toumeya schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Glass & R.A.Foster
Turbinicarpus klinkerianus Backeb. & H.Jacobsen
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Doweld
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Glass & R.A.Foster

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus (Boed.) Buxb. & Backeb.
Cactaceae (Berlin) 1937(1): Blatt 27. [25 Mai 1937] et: Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 1937, 1st Teil, 27.
: 11

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus (Boed.) Buxb. & Backeb.

Echinocactus schmiedickeanus Boed.
Neolloydia schmiedickeana (Boed.) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus (Boed.) Halda
Strombocactus schmiedickeanus (Boed.) J.West
Toumeya schmiedickeana (Boed.) W.T.Marshall

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. alenae Halda & Kupčák
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus f. aurata hort.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus f. cristatus hort.

Neolloydia schmiedickeana f. cristata hort.

Turbinicarpus sp. Santa Rita n.n.

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. andersonii Mosco & Zanov.
Cactaceae Consensus Init. 7: 18. 1999
: 5

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. andersonii Mosco & Zanov.

Turbinicarpus andersonii (Mosco & Zanov.) D.Donati
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. andersonii (Mosco & Zanov.) Doweld
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. panarottoi (Říha) Lüthy
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. panarottoi Říha

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. bonatzii (G.Frank) Panar.
Piante Grasse 18(3): 120. 1999 [1998 publ. 1999]
: 3

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. bonatzii (G.Frank) Panar.

Pediocactus bonatzii (G.Frank) Halda
Turbinicarpus bonatzii G.Frank

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. dickisoniae (Glass & R.A.Foster) N.P.Taylor
Cactaceae Consensus Init. 5: 14. 1998
: 6

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. dickisoniae (Glass & R.A.Foster) N.P.Taylor

Neolloydia schmiedickeana var. dickisoniae (Glass & R.A.Foster) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. dickisoniae (Glass & R.A.Foster) Halda
Turbinicarpus dickisoniae Glass & A.Hofer in Glass
Turbinicarpus gracilis subs. dickisoniae (Glass & R.A.Foster) Panar.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. dickisoniae Glass & R.A.Foster

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. flaviflorus (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) Glass
Guía Identif. Cact. Amenazadas México 1: Tu/sch ssp. flaviflorus (1998 publ. 1997)
: 7

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. flaviflorus (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) Glass

Neolloydia schmiedickeana var. flaviflora (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. flaviflorus (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) Halda
Turbinicarpus flaviflorus G.Frank & A.B.Lau
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. flaviflorus (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) Doweld
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeana var. flaviflora (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) E.F.Anderson
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. flaviflorus (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) Glass & R.A.Foster

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. flaviflorus f. brevispinus
: 5

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. flaviflorus f. brevispinus

Turbinicarpus flaviflorus f. brevispinus
Turbinicarpus flaviflorus forma brevispina hort.
Turbinicarpus flaviflorus forma inermis hort.
Turbinicarpus flaviflorus f. inermis

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. gracilis (Glass & R.A.Foster) Glass
Guía Identif. Cact. Amenazadas México 1: Tu/sch ssp. gracilis (1998 publ. 1997)
: 5

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. gracilis (Glass & R.A.Foster) Glass

Neolloydia schmiedickeana var. gracilis (Glass & R.A.Foster) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. gracilis (Glass & R.A.Foster) Halda
Turbinicarpus gracilis Glass & R.A.Foster
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. gracilis (Glass & R.A.Foster) Glass & R.A.Foster

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. gracilis f. cristatus hort.
"forma cristata"
: 3

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. gracilis f. cristatus hort.

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) N.P.Taylor
Cactaceae Consensus Init. 5: 14. 1998 - Remarks: Panarotto (in Piante Grasse, 18(3): 120. 1998 (1999)) also published this comb. nov. (isonym)
: 22

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) N.P.Taylor

Neolloydia schmiedickeana var. klinkeriana (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Halda
Strombocactus klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Buining
Strombocactus schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) G.D.Rowley
Toumeya klinkeriana (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Bravo & W.T.Marshall
Toumeya schmiedickeana var. klinkeriana (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Krainz
Toumeya schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Glass & R.A.Foster
Turbinicarpus klinkerianus Backeb. & H.Jacobsen
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Doweld
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) Glass & R.A.Foster

Turbinicarpus klinkerianus subs. hiemalis D.Donati & Zanov.
Turbinicarpus klinkerianus subs. planiziei D.Donati & Zanov.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus f. aurata hort.

Turbinicarpus klinkerianus f. aurata hort.

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus var. lilnkeuiduus

Turbinicarpus lilinkioides hort.

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus f. pachystele

Turbinicarpus sp. Negrita

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus f. cristatus hort.

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. kupcakii (Halda & Horáček) Halda & Horáček
Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 9(1): 78. 2002
: 2

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. kupcakii (Halda & Horáček) Halda & Horáček

Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. kupcakii Halda & Horáček

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. macrochele (Werderm.) N.P.Taylor
Cactaceae Consensus Init. 5: 14. 1998 [see also: Panar.
: 12

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. macrochele (Werderm.) N.P.Taylor

Echinocactus macrochele Werderm.
Neolloydia schmiedickeana var. macrochele (Werderm.) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. macrochele (Werderm.) Halda
Strombocactus macrochele (Werderm.) Backeb.
Toumeya macrochele (Werderm.) W.T.Marshall
Turbinicarpus macrochele (Werderm.) Buxb. & Backeb.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. macrochele (Werderm.) Glass & R.A.Foster

Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. frailensis P.Lechner & Jantschgi
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. valteri D.Donati & Zanov.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. macrochele f. cristatus hort.

Turbinicarpus macrochele f. cristata hort.

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. polaskii (Backeb.) M.Zachar, Stanik, Lux & Dráb
Rod Turbinicarpus (Genus Turbinicarpus) 47 (1996), basionym not validly publ.
: 9

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. polaskii (Backeb.) M.Zachar, Stanik, Lux & Dráb

Strombocactus polaskii (Backeb.) T.Hewitt
Toumeya macrochele f. polaskii (Backeb.) Kladiwa
Toumeya schwarzii var. polaskii (Backeb.) Kladiwa
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. polaskii (P.Lechner & Jantschgi) D.Donati
Turbinicarpus macrochele var. polaskii P.Lechner & Jantschgi
Turbinicarpus polaskii Backeb.

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. polaskii f. variegatus hort.

Turbinicarpus polaskii f. variegatus

:
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. schwarzii (Shurly) N.P.Taylor
Cactaceae Consensus Init. 5: 14. 1998
: 15

Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. schwarzii (Shurly) N.P.Taylor

Neolloydia schmiedickeana var. schwarzii (Shurly) E.F.Anderson
Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. schwarzii (Shurly) Halda
Strombocactus schwarzii Shurly
Thelocactus macrochele var. schwarzii (Shurly) Kladiwa
Turbinicarpus klinkerianus subs. schwarzii (Shurly) D.Donati
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. schwarzii (Shurly) Doweld
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. schwarzii (Shurly) Glass & R.A.Foster
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus f. schwarzii (Shurly) Panar.
Turbinicarpus schwarzii (Shurly) Backeb.

Turbinicarpus ellisiae Halda, Kupčák & Panar.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. rubriflorus (G.Frank) Panar.

Pediocactus schmiedickeanus var. rubriflorus (G.Frank) Halda
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. rubriflorus (G.Frank) M.Zachar
Turbinicarpus schwarzii var. rubriflorus G.Frank

: Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanusSN|12648]]SN|12648]] subs. klinkerianus best known as: Turbinicarpus klinkerianusSN|12679]]SN|12679]] is a one of the several local form of the very variable Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanusSN|12648]]SN|12648]] distinguished for having pyramidal tubercles and only 3 corky spines per areole, with only one persisting, and ivory white flowers with magenta midribs. This subspecies exhibits wide diversity in form.
Habit: It is a small disk-shaped solitary or slowly clumping cactus, dichotomy also observed.
Stem: Globular depressed, 30-50 mm high, 35-40 mm wide, pale grey to greenish-brown, apex with some white wool.
Root: Taproot.
Tubercles: 1 cm broad and 6 mm high, pyramidal, rhomboid at the base, arranged in flat spirals.
Areoles: on the tip of the tubercle, with a little wool, soon becoming bare.
Spines: 2-3, the lower one longer, up to 1 cm, the 2 upper ones only on young areoles, flattened below, curved towards the apex, grey-brown with dark tip, newly emerged centrals blackish brown, corky, rather soft, with transverse fissures. Juvenile radial spines are feathery and very characteristic.
Flowers: Apical, funnel shaped, inside ivory, outside with darker brown (or magenta) midribs 14-25mm wide. This plant is capable of blooming when it is little larger than 1 cm in diameter.
Blooming season: Summer (May-October) flowering.
Fruits: Green-brown with a woolly top.

Turbinicarpus klinkerianus subs. hiemalis D.Donati & Zanov.: It flowers in winter, hence the scientific name "Hiemalis" (Belonging to winter)
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. frailensis P.Lechner & Jantschgi: as fewer stigma lobes (3-6) white to yellowish-white, 2-3.5 mm long, straight, and only weakly papillose. Distribution: W to S-W of Matehuala, San Luis Potosi, México.
Turbinicarpus macrochele subs. valteri D.Donati & Zanov.
Turbinicarpus rioverdensis G.Frank: It comes from Rioverde, hence the scientific name "rioverdensis"
Turbinicarpus rioverdensis subs. paoloi Halda & Kupčák: This is a form with long spines referable to T. schmiedickeanus ssp. schwarzii
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus (Boed.) Buxb. & Backeb.: (ssp. schmiedickeanus) Stem disc-shaped, dull green and flat on top, twisted spines, and white to magenta flowers. Distribution: Miquihuana, Tamaulipas.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. alenae Halda & Kupčák
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. andersonii Mosco & Zanov.: stem partly underground with pyramidal tubercles. Spines only 1-2. Flowers magenta and white in winter. Distribution: east of El Huizache, SLP, Mexico.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus f. aurata hort.: Mutant completely lacking chlorophyll pigment. The result is a completely cream-white, yellow or reddish plant.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. bonatzii (G.Frank) Panar.: Dark green-bluish, semi-globose, depressed, divided into tubercles, merging in a tuberous root 3-5 cm long, and from it longer fibrous roots develop. It is closely related to Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus ssp klinkerianus
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus f. cristatus hort.: crested form.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. dickisoniae (Glass & R.A.Foster) N.P.Taylor: It has gray-green stems. Radials spines: 18-24 finely acicular, rigid white young areoles (areole in old specimens have only central spines that curve slightly inward). No other variety of schmiedickeanus has as many radial spines nor as slender central spines. Distibution: Aramberri, Nuevo Leon.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. flaviflorus (G.Frank & A.B.Lau) Glass: It has a very distinctive form, described by some as almost pagoda-like with conical tubercles, 4(-6) spines and greenish yellow flowers. Distribution: Santa Rita, San Luis Potosi.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. flaviflorus f. brevispinus: it has very short corky brownish spines that contrast well with the body which is coated in a whitish bloom.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. gracilis (Glass & R.A.Foster) Glass: Stem with nearly round, slender tubercles, one thin, slender papery central spine, and white flowers; Distribution: Aramberri, Nuevo Leon.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. gracilis f. cristatus hort.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus (Backeb. & H.Jacobsen) N.P.Taylor: Disk-shaped stems with tapering pyramidal tubercles, with a total of 3 spines with only one persisting, and white flowers with magenta midribs. Distribution: El Huizache, San Luis Potosi.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus f. aurata hort.: Mutant completely lacking chlorophyll pigment. The result is a completely cream-white or yellow plant.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus f. cristatus hort.: crested form.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus var. lilnkeuiduus: pretty much the same as Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus and not readily distinguishable, if not for the label. Origin: Plants so-named are known only in cultivation.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus f. pachystele
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. kupcakii (Halda & Horáček) Halda & Horáček
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. macrochele (Werderm.) N.P.Taylor: Stem with poorly developed tubercles, 0-4 spines, sometimes as many as 6, and white flowers. Distribution: Matehuala, San Luis Potosi.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. macrochele f. cristatus hort.: crested form with long twisted spines.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. polaskii (Backeb.) M.Zachar, Stanik, Lux & Dráb: Flattened globose, pale grey-green, olive green or purplish-tan in full sun. Tubercles: Broad, very flattened, 4-angled and 1 to 3 spongy spines. Flowers: White in summer with pinkish stigmas.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus var. polaskii f. variegatus hort.: The variegated forms show decoloured areas (lacking or with reduced chlorophyll content) that appears cream-yellow to pinkish.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. rubriflorus (G.Frank) Panar.: Same as ssp. schwarzii but flowers pink to dark magenta midribs.
Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. schwarzii (Shurly) N.P.Taylor: Plant with pale green epidermis, Tubercles: Flattened 4-angled (diamond shaped) broad and stumpy, 1-3 spines with one much longer than the others, and white flowers. Distribution: La Bonita, San Luis Potosi.
Turbinicarpus sp. Santa Rita n.n.: has bright purple flowers whit margins of tepals pinkish white. Distribution: Santa Rita, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Turbinicarpus sp. Negrita: pretty much the same as Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus and not readily distinguishable, if not for the provenance. Distribution: La Negrita, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.

: Major references and further lectures
1) Edward Anderson “The Cactus family” Timber Press, Incorporated, 2001
2) James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey "The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass" Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug/2011
3) David R Hunt; Nigel P Taylor; Graham Charles; International Cactaceae Systematics Group. "The New Cactus Lexicon" dh books, 2006
4) Davide Donati, Carlo Zanovello “Conoscere, capire, coltivare i Turbinicarpus-Rapicactus” Cactus Trentino Sudtirol, 2004

It exhibits some diversity regarding the shape and size of the spines, sometimes quite long and curl over top of plant. (Turbinicarpus schmiedickeanus subs. klinkerianus) Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli